The research targets at the hiding and hard-to-control insect pests such as thrips, whitefly, aphid, leafhopper, leaf miner and mites. And the research activities include: 1) the database establishment on basic biological and ecological characteristics of small insects; 2) the development of the monitoring techniques for small insects; 3) the screening of effective pesticides, and investigation and management of pesticide resistance; 4) the development of monitoring techniques for the viruliferous ratio of whitefly and thrips-vectors of geminivirus and tospovirus respectively-as related to the insect population size and/or density; and 5) the development of non-chemical control measures and effective management models for small insect pests.