Journal of Taiwan Agricultural Research

Author:Chia-Hsun Ho*、Chiao-Ling Hsiao

Abstract:

Plant phenolic compounds are among the most functionally significant groups of secondary metabolites, ubiquitous in fruits, vegetables, cereals, legumes, and various plant-derived foods. Within plant systems, these compounds are pivotal in defending against biotic and abiotic stresses, exerting protective effects by modulating cellular redox homeostasis and signal transduction pathways. In the research field of human nutrition and health, phenolics have garnered significant attention for their potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and metabolic regulatory activities. This review summarizes current knowledge on the classification, biological functions, and antioxidant properties of plant phenolics, as well as their environmental regulation. Their biosynthesis, primarily mediated by the phenylpropanoid pathway, is governed by the interplay among plant genotype, developmental stage, and environmental stimuli. Environmental factors such as light intensity, temperature, seasonal fluctuations, and nutrient availability modulate key enzymatic activities and metabolic fluxes, thereby altering the antioxidant profile of crops. Overall, phenolic compounds serve dual roles in physiological regulation and antioxidant defense. Through targeted environmental modulation and advanced cultivation strategies, their concentration and bioactivity can be optimized. Integrating crop breeding with physiological research and environmental management offers a robust framework to enhance the quality of functional crops and elevate the value of agricultural products.

Key words:Phenolic compounds, Biological functions, Antioxidant activity, Environmental regulation

Download: OTHER FORMAT Links