Journal of Taiwan Agricultural Research

Author:Guang-Jauh Shieh

Abstract:

    In the new maize germplasm heterotic group assessment trial, it has been known that Hi31 and GX1M varieties had the best kernel yield in the heterotic group from the field experiment. As a result, five generations of self-crossing from the GX1M variety were conducted to breeding inbred lines, which were then crossed with Hi31 to produce hybrids for the combination assessment and yield trials. Results from 25 hybrids combination assessment trials showed that yields of all 25 hybrids were significantly higher than control variety ‘Tainung 1’. The dry kernel yields of the top five highest new combinations were between 7.7–9.5 kg 9.6 m^-2, from 75% to 115% higher than ‘Tainung 1’. From yield trials of the five new maize varieties, the dry grain yield of 1M10 × Hi31 was four times higher than the control variety ‘Tainung 1’. The ‘Tainung 7’ (1M10 × Hi31) new hybrid had high grain yield potential up to 8 Mg ha^-1 with Puccinia polysora rust resistance and early maturity. The morphology of ‘Tainung 7’ is described as follows: the colors of stem and leaf sheath are green, the color of leaf blade is dark green, the anther is yellow, the spikelets are light red and silk are red. The number of leaves per plant is 16, number of ears per plant is 1–2, and number of kernel rows per ear is 14–16. The color of kernel is orange. The husk covers the ear completely and the decreasing rate of kennel water content is fast in the maturity stage.

Key words:Horneous, Tropical, Temperate, Combining ability

Download: PDF Links