Journal of Taiwan Agricultural Research

Author:Ien-chie Wen*, Ching-yi Chang and Wang-ting Shaw

Abstract:

    The characteristics of 30 cultivars of Prunus mume collected at Wangshian Germplasm Farm, Taiwan Agriculture Research Institute were investigated, of them two excellent cultivars ‘Ching kuang’ and ‘Chia hsien’ with high fruit quality and five ornamental cultivars ‘Fenghung taiga’, ‘Peige gongfen’, ‘pink double’, Tao ‘chih pien’ and ‘Pink lady’ with pink and double petals flowers were selected for economic cultivation and further breeding use. The genetic relationships of the 30 Prunus mume cultivars were analyzed by using RAPD markers. A total of 300 primers were screened for their ability in production of strongly amplified products. Out of 36 primers amplified 382 DNA bands, 348 of which were polymorphic (91.1%). Eight specific RAPD fragments-- OPG 19 (300), OPH 5 (950), OPI 7 (1550), OPI 18 (750), OPAA 10 (1050), OPAB 9 (1100), OPAD 1 (450), OPAE 12 (800) could be used as specific markers for identification of cultivars of ‘Yen chin’, ‘Lao mei’, ‘Tsiao li mei’, ‘Hung mei’, ‘Ku li hung’. A dendrogram based on the UPGMA cluster analysis was constructed. The 30 P. mume cultivars were divided into eight groups, including 2 groups of local cultivars, 2 groups of ornamental cultivars and 4 individual cultivars. The similarity index between ‘Pink double’ and ‘Fenghung taige’ was 91% indicating they were the most closest among test cultivars. Whereas, ‘Hung mei’ was the cultivar far away from others due to only 42% similarity between it and the closest one.

Key words: Prunus mume, germplasm evaluation, phylogeny, RAPD

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