Journal of Taiwan Agricultural Research

Author:Jin-Torng Peng, Mm-Cong Dai, Yin-Fung Tsai, Meei-Hsing Chen and Jene-Tung Chen

Abstract:

Three strains of the king oyster mushroom, Pleurotus eryngii (DC.:Fr.) Quél., were grown with bottle cultivation system for the evaluation of commercial production. They were the strains ATCC 36047, ATCC 90212 and Holland 150. One of them, i.e. the strain ATCC 36047, showed a high potentiality for commercial production. This strain produced medium to large fruiting bodies with an excellent feature, a firm and fine texture and a long shelf life, while the strain Holland 150 fructified fast and mostly produced large fruiting bodies with a good feature, a soft and fine texture as well as a short shelf life. The latter has a higher biological efficiency than the strain ATCC 36047 did, but it produced many warts on cap surfaces during high RH. In order to obtain a highly productive strain which can produce high quality fruit bodies, monokaryons from the strain ATCC 36047 and Holland 150 were isolated and their mating factors were also determined. Crossing between the monokaryons derived from the two strains and screening of the hybrids thus obtained were conducted. Four highly productive hybrids, i.e. B112, B012, B030 and B011, were obtained. The hybrid B1l2 produced large fruit bodies with a small cap, an equal to fusiform stipe, a medium soft and fine texture. The hybrid B012 produced stout fruit bodies with a prominent eccentric or lateral stipe and a fan-shaped cap of which surface produced warts during a high humid condition. Its stipe was equal and solid, and consisted of a white and very fine texture. The hybrid B030 produced slender fruit bodies with a medium size, and with a round cap, an equal and solid stipe. This hybrid was inclined to produce many small fruit bodies when the humidity of the cropping room was not properly controlled during cultivation. The hybrid B011 was inclined to produce stout fruit bodies with a large cap and a white and solid stipe. These productive hybrids of the fungus took 54.4 to 60 days from inoculation to the end of crop and they reacted differently to the composition of substrate in the aspect of productivity.

Key words:Selection, Breeding, King oyster mushroom

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