Journal of Taiwan Agricultural Research

Author:Ming-Jen Fan, Shuen-Fang Lo, Jau-Yueh Wang, Ting-Rong Shu, Wen-Long Tsaus, Kin-Hsing Yang and Yan-Sin Cheng

Abstract:

    This experiment was conducted by using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA marker (RAPD marker) analysis to evaluate the genetic relationship of peanut germplasm. There are totally 30 varieties (lines), which were frequently supplied as the source of peanuts and main bred varieties (lines) in breeding program in Taiwan were analyzed. The results of RAPD were compared with the agricultural traits. The correlation coefficient get from RAPD can be used as the index to select the varieties (lines) for breeding program to increase the genetic gains. This method also can be developed as a protocol for identification of peanut germplasm. There were totally 200 operon decamer primers was used to screen the polymorphism response, only 11 primers (5.5%) show positive and produced 212 reproducible and effective bands. Three identical bands produced by OPE13, OPF16 and OPJ17 at 699 bp, 337 bp and 640 bp respectively can be look as marker bands for botanical type identification. In this way three botanical type of Spanish type, Valencia type and Virginia type can be distinguish by three marker bands. The RAPD profiles of 11 polymorphic primers were converted into the matrix for Euclidean distances based on Dice’s coefficient to proceed with the cluster analysis by UPGMA (Unweighted Pair-Grouping Mean Arithmetical). The numbers of cluster are based on the MD, RSQ and RMSSTD obtained from cluster analysis. The 30 varieties (lines) could be divided into 7 main clusters when the Euclidean distances were greater than 0.83. The first cluster contained 3 varieties of Spanish type named Lau-Kung-Tzu-Tou, Tainan No. 7 and Tainan selected No. 9. The second cluster only has one variety PI3 14817 (Valencia type). The third cluster contained 9 varieties, which also belong to the breeding systems of Tainan No. 11, Tainung No. 4 and Tainan No. 12. The fourth cluster contained 4 native varieties of Virginia type which were not used in the breeding programs. The fifth cluster signally contained Tainan white oil bean No.2, which is a native Spanish type variety. The sixth cluster contained 6 native varieties of Spanish type and selected from introduced varieties. The Seventh cluster contained 6 varieties which were used in Tainung No.5’s breeding program and Florispan runner. According to the result of cluster analysis of RAPD significantly revealed the pedigree diagrams of the breeding programs of Tainan No.11, Tainung No.4 and Tainung No.5, and also closely related to plant botanical types. The results could be deducted that 11 selected primers in this study can be effectively and reliably used for studies of genetic distances and the genetic relationship of peanut germplasm.

Key words:Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), Cluster analysis, Peanut

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