Author：Cheng-Kuen Ho^1,3, Shu-Hwa Chang¹, Yung-Hsu Chen¹, Hsin-Hui Shih¹, Chia-Chen Wu¹ and Jung Chen¹

Abstract：

    Annual value of production for mushroom and Androdia cinnamomea in Taiwan is about 8.5 billion NT dollars. The wood powder for this mushroom industry was 310 kilotons a year. With less 1% self-sufficiency ratio, the timber consumption is highly dependent on imports. To support mushroom and timber industries, fast growing trees planted in farm and plain land will become the major sources of logs in future. When industries invest afforestation of Cinnamomum kanehirae for A. cinnamomea fruit, Eucalyptus for mushroom and pulp, and Paulownia for timber, the climate adversity, such as long drought, flooding, and pathogen and insect attacks, will make great threat on these tree species, especially for some species that did not grow in plain. For selection of C. kanehirae with stress tolerance, we propagated the hot tolerant trees growing in plains, and hybrids of C. kanehirae x C. camphor as well. For selection of Eucalyptus, we micro-propagated 2 hybrids of E. urophylla x grandis introduced from China and 5 clones of E. camadulensis that might resist Cryptosporiopsis eucalypti and gall-forming wasps. For selection of Paulownia, we propagated hybrids of P. taiwaniana cross to P. fortunei with witchs’broom tolerance introduced from China. The mass-propagation including tissue cultures and cutting have developed, and thousands of propagules of these clones were produced for afforestation in Kuanfu, Hualien (a 4 ha farm belonging to Taiwan Sugar Corporation), and in Miali (a 1.5 ha fallow land). These two sites were under 3 typhoons (Soulik, Kongrey, Usagi) attack in 2013. Clones with climate adversity were selected, including 2 hybrids of C. kanehirae x C. camphor, and 4 clones of C. kanehirae, 2 hybrids of E. urophylla x E. grandis and 1 clones of E. camaldulensis, and 1 Paulownia hybrids. After one year plantation in stress field, these tree species with stress tolerance were confirmed. C. kanehirae clones increased 20% survival rate. Introduced Eucalyptus clones resist wasps and had the similar biomass as a superior clone without resistance previously selected. Plantation densities at 3x3 m as replaced with 2x2 m used traditionally reduced wind damage up to 58%. Paulownia Pg clone with hot tolerance grew fast compare to non of native Taiwan Paulownia trees survived.

Keywords: Climate adversity, Races with tress tolerance, Self-sufficient rate of timber, Tree species for mushroom and timber.

¹ Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Council of Agriculture.
² Division of Silviculture, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Council of Agriculture.
³ Corresponding Author, Email: ckho@tfri.gov.tw ; Tel: 04-23039978#2002.